Ginkgo biloba, derived from the leaves of the ginkgo tree, is a popular herbal supplement often used to support cognitive function, improve circulation, and address various health concerns. While it is generally considered safe for most individuals when taken as directed, there are certain groups for whom ginkgo biloba extract may not be suitable due to potential risks or contraindications. Below, we outline these groups and the reasons for caution.
1. Individuals with Bleeding Disorders
Ginkgo biloba extract is known to have blood-thinning properties, which can increase the risk of bleeding. For individuals with bleeding disorders such as hemophilia or low platelet counts, consuming ginkgo biloba could exacerbate their condition. Additionally, those scheduled for surgery should avoid ginkgo biloba at least two weeks before the procedure to reduce the risk of excessive bleeding during or after surgery.
2. People Taking Blood-Thinning Medications
Those on anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications, such as warfarin, aspirin, or clopidogrel, should exercise caution with ginkgo biloba. The herb’s blood-thinning effects may amplify the effects of these medications, heightening the risk of internal bleeding or bruising.

3. Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women
Pregnant women are advised to avoid ginkgo biloba due to its potential to increase the risk of bleeding complications during pregnancy and labor. Similarly, there is insufficient research on the safety of ginkgo biloba during breastfeeding, and its effects on infants remain unclear. Therefore, nursing mothers should err on the side of caution and avoid its use.
4. Individuals with Epilepsy or Seizure Disorders
Standardized Ginkgo biloba extract has been associated with an increased risk of seizures in some cases. For individuals with epilepsy or a history of seizures, this supplement may lower the seizure threshold and should therefore be avoided unless recommended and closely monitored by a healthcare professional.
5. Those Allergic to Ginkgo Biloba or Related Plants
People with known allergies to ginkgo biloba or related plants should steer clear of this supplement to prevent allergic reactions. Symptoms may include skin rash, itching, or more severe reactions in sensitive individuals.
6. Children
The safety and efficacy of ginkgo biloba in children have not been well-studied. As a precaution, it is generally recommended that children avoid taking this supplement unless specifically directed by a healthcare provider.
7. Individuals Taking Certain Medications
Ginkgo biloba may interact with various medications, including antidepressants (such as SSRIs), antiepileptic drugs, and diabetes medications. These interactions could potentially reduce the effectiveness of the medications or lead to adverse effects.
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